##### Graphics Script
###   SlideDeck b2
###   Numeric graphics



### Preamble

# Load additional functions
source("https://rfs.kvasaheim.com/stat200.R")


# Load and attach the crime dataset
dt = read.csv("http://rfs.kvasaheim.com/data/crime.csv")
attach(dt)





### Histograms

# Default
hist(vcrime00)



# breaks=11
hist(vcrime00, breaks=11)


# breaks=5
hist(vcrime00, breaks=5)



# red shading; specific break values
# seq(0,2000,100) is equivalent to:
# 0, 100, 200, ..., 1900, 2000
par(cex.axis=1.1, mar=c(4,3,1,1) )
hist(vcrime00, breaks=seq(0,2000,100), col=rgb(0:20/20,0,0), border="white" )







### Density Plots

# default
plot(density(vcrime00))



# overlaying the red histogram
hist(vcrime00, freq=FALSE, breaks=seq(0,2000,100), col=rgb(0:20/20,0,0), border="white" )

lines(density(vcrime00), lwd=5, col="white")
lines(density(vcrime00), lwd=2)




# overlaying a blue-themed histogram
# with no base spacing

par(mar=c(4,1,1,1) )
par(yaxt="n", family="serif")
par(cex.lab=1.2,font.lab=2)
par(yaxs="i")

hist(vcrime00, freq=FALSE, breaks=seq(0,2000,100), col=rgb(0,0,0:20/20), border="white", main="", xlab="" )

lines(density(vcrime00), lwd=5, col="white")
lines(density(vcrime00), lwd=2, col="green")

title(xlab="Violent Crime Rate (2000)")
abline(h=0, lwd=3)










### Boxplot


# default
boxplot(vcrime00)



# horizontal
boxplot(vcrime00, horizontal=TRUE)



# bivariate (vcrime00 against census4 region)
boxplot(vcrime00~census4)



# as horizontal
par(mar=c(4,6,1,1) )
boxplot(vcrime00~census4, horizontal=TRUE, las=1, ylab="")



# as horizontal with names
par(mar=c(4,6,1,1), font.lab=2 )
boxplot(vcrime00~census4, horizontal=TRUE, las=1, ylab="", xlab="Violent Crime Rate (2000)")

st= 4; text(vcrime00[st],2,label=scode[st], cex=0.8, pos=1) # MA
st=24; text(vcrime00[st],3,label=scode[st], cex=0.8, pos=1) # DC
st=49; text(vcrime00[st],4,label=scode[st], cex=0.8, pos=1) # CA
st=50; text(vcrime00[st],4,label=scode[st], cex=0.8, pos=3) # AK










### Scatter plots

# default
plot(vcrime00 ~ gspcap90)



# with weird symbol used (pch=14)
plot(vcrime00 ~ gspcap90, pch=14)





# final scatter plot with several bells and whistles

par(mar=c(4,4,1,1))
par(family="serif", font.lab=2)
par(cex.lab=1.2, cex.axis=0.8)
par(xaxs="i", yaxs="i")
par(las=1)

plot.new()
plot.window( xlim=c(0,70000), ylim=c(0,2000) )

abline(lm(vcrime00~gspcap90), lwd=3, col="purple")
abline(lm(vcrime00~gspcap90), lwd=1, col="pink")
points(gspcap90,vcrime00, pch=21, bg="lightblue")

axis(1)
axis(2)
title(xlab="GSP per Capita (1990)")
title(ylab="Violent Crime Rate (2000)")


dt    # <--- which are the two high gspcap90 values?

st=24; text(gspcap90[st],vcrime00[st], label=scode[st], pos=3) # <- DC
st=50; text(gspcap90[st],vcrime00[st], label=scode[st], pos=1) # <- Alaska


# print the correlation
r = round(cor(gspcap90,vcrime00),4)
text(60000,0, label=paste("r =",r), pos=3, cex=0.8)








#####
### Script for the First Two Maps

# New package
# install.packages("plotly") ## <-- uncomment if you already have this package
library(plotly)


detach(dt)
dt = read.csv("http://rfs.kvasaheim.com/data/crime.csv", colClasses = c("ccode"="character"))
colnames(dt)[4] = "code"
dt$census4colors = as.numeric(as.factor(dt$census4))

attach(dt)

# Map 1
l <- list(color = toRGB("white"), width = 2)

g <- list(
  scope = 'usa',
  projection = list(type = 'albers usa'),
  showlakes = TRUE,
  lakecolor = toRGB('white')
)



### CENSUS4

fig <- plot_geo(dt, locationmode = 'USA-states')

fig <- fig %>% add_trace(
    z = ~census4colors, text = ~state, locations = ~code,
    color = ~census4colors, colors = 'Reds'
  )

fig <- fig %>% hide_colorbar()
fig <- fig %>% layout(
	geo = g
  )

fig






### VCRIME00

fig <- plot_geo(dt, locationmode = 'USA-states')

fig <- fig %>% add_trace(
    z = ~vcrime00, text = ~state, locations = ~code,
    color = ~vcrime00, colors = 'Purples'
  )
fig <- fig %>% colorbar(title = "Crime Rate (2000)")
fig <- fig %>% layout(
	geo = g
  )

fig

###










#####
### Aside: Graphic of the available pch numbers

plot.new()
plot.window( xlim=c(1,13), ylim=c(-0.5,1.5) )

for(i in 1:13) {
  points(i, 0, pch=i, bg="pink", cex=2)
  text(  i, -0.1, label=i, pos=1)
}

for(i in 1:12) {
  points(i, 1, pch=13+i, bg="pink", cex=2)
  text(  i, 0.9, label=13+i, pos=1)
}





### End of File